| Pelvis |
Origin |
Insertion |
Action |
Notes |
| Gluteus maximus |
Posterior ilium,
sacrum coccyx |
Femur (greater
trochanter) and Iliotibial band |
Forceful extension
of the hip, lateral rotation of extended hip, abduct hip (IT band), lower
fibers (inserting on trochanter) adduct hip,
External rotation |
stabilizes knee
|
| Gluteus medius |
Ilium between posterior
and anterior gluteal lines (below crest) |
Greater trochanter
of femur |
Abducts and rotates
thigh medially (internally), abducts, flexes and extends the hip |
stabilizes pelvis
|
| Gluteus minimus |
Posterior ilium
between anterior and inferior gluteal lines |
Anterior surface
of greater trochanter of femur |
Abducts and medially
(internally) rotates thigh, stabilizes pelvis on femur |
stabilizes pelvis
|
| Tensor fascia latae |
Anterior iliac
crest (posterior to anterior superior iliac spine) |
Iliotibial band
which continues to attach to lateral condyle of tibia |
Flexes, internally:
rotates and abducts thigh,
prevents collapse of extended knee in
walking |
|
| Psoas major |
Lumbar vertebrae,
T12-L5
Bodies and transverse processes |
Lesser trochanter
of femur |
Flexion of hip
When femur is stabilized it may increases
the lordotic curve in the lumbar spine and rotates the pelvis downward.
Alternate theory: acting with posterior
transversospinalis act to erect (lift or straighten) the spine |
Provides support for the spine and maintains
disc space when functioning properly.
|
| Iliacus |
Iliac fossa |
Lesser trochanter
of the femur |
Flexes, laterally
rotates and adducts the hip
With femur fixed, acts in rotating pelvis
anteriorly |
|
| Piriformis |
Anterior surface
of the sacrum |
Greater trochanter
of femur |
External rotation
of femur
Adducts the thigh when the hip is flexed
With femur fixed, bilaterally moves pelvis
backward (decreasing lordosis); unilaterally medially rotates pelvis |
|
Deep lateral
rotators
(Superior and Inferior Gemelli, Obturator
Internus and Externus, Quadratus femoris) |
Ischium, obturator
foramen |
Trochanter |
Laterally rotate
thigh, stabilize hip |
|
